The wagon-wheel effect, done properly: the wheel angle is quantised to a strobe locked to the beat, so the apparent slowing and reversal is genuine temporal aliasing. Four wheels with different spoke counts alias differently at once. Flashing is in the rotation, not the frame brightness.
Drawn with: a WebGL2 shader.
Reacts to and looks like: gpu, webgl2 and psychedelic.
Family: Visualiser.
Runs in your browser. The preview above is the same program the renderer uses.